Run the Update Troubleshooter

Settings → Update & Security → Troubleshoot → Windows Update. This resets most common issues automatically.

Clear the update cache manually

Open an elevated Command Prompt:

net stop wuauserv
net stop cryptSvc
net stop bits
net stop msiserver
ren C:WindowsSoftwareDistribution SoftwareDistribution.old
ren C:WindowsSystem32catroot2 catroot2.old
net start wuauserv
net start cryptSvc
net start bits
net start msiserver

Then retry Windows Update.

Use the Media Creation Tool

Download directly from microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windows10. Run "Update now" — it bypasses Windows Update entirely and installs the latest version directly.